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Astract: Am Institut für Softwaretechnik und Interaktive Systeme (IFS) der TU Wien wird seit 5 Semestern TUWEL , die Moodle-Adaptierung der Technischen Universität Wien, erfolgreich als Kommunikations- und Content Management System sowie als E-Learning Plattform eingesetzt. TUWEL erleichtert und unterstützt besonders die Abwicklung von sehr großen Lehrveranstaltungen. Im Folgenden geben wir einen Überblick über die Herausforderungen in der durch E-Learning Plattformen unterstützten Massenlehre und präsentieren anhand der Lehrveranstaltung "Einführung in die Objektorientierte Modellierung" (OOM) wie wir uns diesen Herausforderungen durch den Einsatz von TUWEL stellen.

Keywords: Model Transformation, Business Process Models
Astract: Owing to company mergers and business to business interoperability, there is a need for model transformation in the area of business process modeling to facilitate model integration and model synchronisation. This need arises, on one hand, from the fact that there are many different business process modeling formalisms, for example the ADONIS Standard Modeling Method , UML 2.1 Activity Diagram, Event-driven Process Chains Method, and, the Business Process Modeling Notation.
These formalisms provide different ways to express and represent the same aspects of business process modeling. On the other hand, existing model transformation approaches, like ATL, QVT, and Fujaba, use very general concepts for transforming models for different purposes.
However, recurring structures have been observed when transforming models in the area of business process modeling. This leads to the assumption, that there are similar transformation problems in a distinct area. These recurring structures, however, are only inadequately supported by existing transformation approaches.
This thesis analyzes the different ways of how business process modeling aspects are represented in various business process modeling formalisms.
Furthermore, existing transformation approaches are evaluated concerning their suitability for transforming models in the area of business process modeling. Based on this evaluation, special requirements and solutions for model transformations in the area of business process modeling are derived. These solutions lead to the construction of the Model Morphing approach, which consists of an integrated metamodel and morphing methods which operate based on this metamodel. The Model Morphing approach makes it possible to concentrate on the specific transformation problems within a distinct domain. Furthermore, it reuses existing model transformation approaches and reduces the need for excellent programming skills when defining model transformations.

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Astract: Ubiquitous web applications (UWA) are a new type of web applications which are accessed in various contexts, i.e. through different devices, by users with various interests, at anytime from anyplace around the globe. For such full-fledged, complex software systems, a methodologically sound engineering approach in terms of model-driven engineering (MDE) is crucial. Several modeling approaches have already been proposed that capture the ubiquitous nature of web applications, each of them having different origins, pursuing different goals and providing a pantheon of concepts. This paper aims to give an in-depth comparison of seven modeling approaches supporting the development of UWAs. This methodology is conducted by applying a detailed set of evaluation criteria and by demonstrating its applicability on basis of an exemplary tourism web application. In particular, five commonly found ubiquitous scenarios are investigated, thus providing initial insight into the modeling concepts of each approach as well as to facilitate their comparability. The results gained indicate that many modeling approaches lack a proper MDE foundation in terms of meta-models and tool support. The proposed modeling mechanisms for ubiquity are often limited, since they neither cover all relevant context factors in an explicit, self-contained, and extensible way, nor allow for a wide spectrum of extensible adaptation operations. The provided modeling concepts frequently do not allow dealing with all different parts of a web application in terms of its content, hypertext, and presentation levels as well as their structural and behavioral features. Finally, current modeling approaches do not reflect the crosscutting nature of ubiquity but rather intermingle context and adaptation issues with the core parts of a web application, thus hampering maintainability and extensibility. Different from other surveys in the area of modeling web applications, this paper specifically considers modeling concepts for their ubiquitous nature, together with an investigation of available support for MDD in a comprehensive way, using a well-defined as well as fine-grained catalogue of more than 30 evaluation criteria.

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Astract: In 1999 UN/CEFACT and OASIS started the ebXML Initiative which delivered its first set of specifications 2 years later. This book chapter discusses the goals and the results of ebXML. The core of the book chapter addresses a critical evaluation of ebXML. It discusses why ebXML was succesful in some parts, but failed in market acceptance for major parts.

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Astract: Today's online model repositories offer to download and view the textual specifications of e.g. metamodels and models in the browser. For users, in order to efficiently search a model repository, a graphical visualization of the stored models is desirable. First attempts that automatically generate class diagrams as bitmaps, however, do not scale for large models and fail to present all information. In this paper, we present our Web 2.0 MetaModelbrowser, a model visualization service which provides an Ajax-based tree-viewer for efficiently browsing Ecore-based metamodels and their models. As a main contribution of this work the MetaModelbrowser is complementary to existing model repositories in that its visualization service can be integrated into them. The MetaModelbrowser, furthermore, allows zooming in and out of the details of arbitrarily sized models as necessary. Furthermore, we have done some case studies on the one hand how to extend the MetaModelbrowser, e.g., for creation, update, and deletion of model elements as well as supporting model weaving, and on the other hand how to incorporate the MetaModelbrowser in current versioning systems.

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Astract: Inter-organizational systems have significantly been affected by Service-oriented Architectures (SOA) andWeb Services - the state-of-the-art technology to implement SOA. SOA is said to enable quick and inexpensive changes of the IT in order to establish new business partnerships or to reflect changes in existing partnerships. However, current approaches to inter-organizational systems focus too much on existing Web Services standards and, thus, on the technology layer. In such an approach the technology drives the business. In this paper we analyze the shortcomings of this bottom-up approach. As an alternative we suggest a top-down methodology where the business requirements drive the technology. This methodology starts off with the business value perspective, leading to a business process perspective and resulting in an IT execution perspective. We do not invent any new approaches on each of these layers, rather we outline how existing approaches are used and combined into a business requirements driven approach to inter-organizational systems.

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Astract: Seamless exchange of models among different modeling tools increasingly becomes a crucial prerequisite for the success of modeldriven engineering. Current best practices use model transformation languages to realize necessary mappings between concepts of the metamodels defining the modeling languages supported by different tools. Existing model transformation languages, however, lack appropriate abstraction mechanisms for resolving recurring kinds of structural heterogeneities one has to primarily cope with when creating such mappings. We propose a framework for building reusable mapping operators which allow the automatic transformation of models. For each mapping operator, the operational semantics is specified on basis of Colored Petri Nets, providing a uniform formalism not only for representing the transformation logic together with the metamodels and the models themselves, but also for executing the transformations, thus facilitating understanding and debugging. To demonstrate the applicability of our approach, we apply the proposed framework for defining a set of mapping operators which are intended to resolve typical structural heterogeneities occurring between the core concepts usually used to define metamodels.

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Astract: Shorter life cycles of products and services require faster changing business models. Information systems must quickly adjust to the adapted business models. Business models are usually described by their own proprietary notation, which is incompatible with UML - the de-facto modeling standard in software engineering. In order to allow a straight-through modeling approach from business models over business process models to software artifacts, it is desirable to use a common modeling approach. Thus, we suggest to map existing concepts to describe business models onto the UML notation. In our work we mainly focus on inter-organizational systems. A promising approach describing a business model for an inter-organizational network of actors is delivered by e3-Value. In this paper, we present a discussion of different approaches to represent the e3-Value concepts by means of UML. A UML notation for e3-Value is a precondition to future work on aligning e3-Value to UML-based approaches specifying inter-organizational business processes.

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Astract: Business partners willing to do business electronically with each other must reach an agreement (1) on the economic level, (2) on the inter-organizational process choreography, and (3) on the services implementing the choreography. In order to search for a potential business partner, one will first look for a partner who offers a required service on the economic level and who supports a complementary role in a choreography, before binding to its IT services. Inasmuch, a registry for inter-organizational systems should cover all three levels and maintain the dependencies between them. In this paper we set up on well accepted approaches on the different levels, i.e. (1) the e3value ontology, (2) the UN/CEFACT modeling methodology (UMM), and (3) the business process execution language (BPEL). We specify a registry meta model on top of ebRIM registering the artifacts on the different levels and defining their inter-dependencies.

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Astract: The development of inter-organizational systems requires a well defined development process. UN/CEFACT's Modeling Methodology (UMM) provides such a development process. We served as the editing team of the UMM 1.0 foundation module, which is defined as a UML profile. First experiences of applying UMM in real world projects have disclosed some limitations. Accordingly, we propose integrating new concepts into a new version 2.0 of UMM. In this paper, we show the adapted UMM development process, which is demonstrated by means of a waste management example.