Keywords: Conventional tunneling, Drill and blast, BIM, IFC, Construction phase, Digitalization
Astract: Building Information Modeling (BIM) has become the key technology for the digital transformation of the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) sector. The Industry Foundation Classes (IFC), as an open and vendor-neutral data model, play an essential role in this transformation. Despite all the recent advances of BIM, tunneling needs to catch up with other AEC sectors adopting digital technologies. Currently, IFC is mainly used to capture information directly connected to the structural elements of the final tunnel but rarely as a means to document the tunnel excavation and support. This article proposes an IFC-driven process for the execution phase of conventional tunneling projects by extending the usage of IFC to information about the process, labor, equipment, and employed material. The proposed process is evaluated by a case study demonstrating how to represent data from a conventional tunneling project by IFC. The results show that IFC provides the necessary concepts to express the data of the execution phase of conventional tunneling projects. Implementing an IFC-driven process in this phase significantly contributes to the digital transformation of tunneling projects.

Keywords: Artificial intelligence, Cloud platform, Conceptual modeling, Knowledge graph, Model transformation, Model-driven engineering
Astract: Semantic processing of conceptual models is a focus of research for several years, bridging the disciplines of knowledge-based systems, conceptual modeling, and model-driven software engineering. With Knowledge Graphs, this research area gained momentum. In this paper, we introduce CM2KGcloud, a generic and extensible Web-based platform for transforming conceptual models into Knowledge Graphs. The platform can work on models created by state-of-the-art metamodeling platforms (e.g., EMF, Papyrus, ADOxx) and transforms models created with them into standardized Knowledge Graph representations like GraphML, RDF, and OWL. CM2KGcloud can be used as a service and can be integrated into software systems by its exposed API.

Keywords: Enterprise Modelling
Astract: EDOC 2023 is the 27th conference in the EDOC series, which provides a key forum for researchers and practitioners in the field of Enterprise Design, Operations, and Comput- ing. The EDOC conference series addresses the full range of models, methodologies, and engineering technologies contributing to building and evolving (intra- and inter-) enterprise systems across the “business-to-IT stack”. This year’s conference places special emphasis on the theme of “Sustainable Enter- prises”, which reflects global developments toward a more sustainable society. In this context, new concepts and approaches are required: (a) to address pressing challenges ensuing from the need for sustainability in domains like healthcare, advanced manu- facturing, finance, environmental management, agriculture, supply chain management, energy, and others, while ensuring long-term interoperability and resilience of enterprise systems; and (b) to leverage or rethink technologies such as digital twins, machine learn- ing, IoT, big data analytics, distributed ledgers/blockchain, as well as novel computing approaches, when addressing the multifaceted nature of sustainable enterprise systems.

Keywords: BIM, Construction phase, Digitalization, Equipment, IFC, Labor, Material, Process, Tunneling
Astract: The documentation process of conventional tunneling projects is time-consuming and costly. Building Information Modeling (BIM) has enabled substantial productivity gains in the Architecture, Engineering, & Construction (AEC) sector. However, BIM has only been marginally adopted in the execution phase of conventional tunneling projects. For this purpose, we propose a BIM model that facilitates fully digital and automated data exchange between project stakeholders. We use the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) as a basis and identify concepts potentially useful to represent data from the execution phase of construction projects. We demonstrate how IFC concepts are utilized to represent a shift report of a conventional tunneling project. Thereby, we deliver a reference model as an implementation guide for software developers in this domain. This may serve as a blueprint for handling construction management data in a machine-readable format, laying the foundations for Big Open BIM in the execution phase of construction projects.

Keywords: DEMO methodology, enterprise architecture, enterprise engineering, domain-specific modeling, conceptual modeling, organizational design, business process modeling, enterprise information systems, organizational engineering
Astract: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th Enterprise Design and Engineering Working Conference on Advances in Enterprise Engineering XVII, EDEWC 2023, held in Vienna, Austria, during November 27–28, 2023. Enterprise design and engineering aims to take an integrative and engineering-oriented perspective to enterprise development management. As such, it considers enterprises as purposefully designed systems where all relevant aspects should be designed in coherence. The new scope of EDEWC reflects the rapid increase in digitization of enterprises in the last decade. This has resulted in a substantial change in the nature and structure of enterprises, which was the main focus of EDEWC 2023. The 5 full papers and 2 short papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 15 submissions.

Keywords: blended modeling, GLSP, Langium, model server
Astract: Combining textual and graphical modeling i.e., representing textual models in the form of diagrams, has been a popular topic ever since in the field of model engineering. Most often modeling tools only provide users the possibility to create models either in textual form or in the form of a diagram, and the users have to decide upon initial creation of the model whether they would like to use a textual or a graphical model editor. So far, blended modeling tools combining both approaches have only been developed based on traditional frameworks e.g., Xtext and EMF. The next generation frameworks Langium and the Graphical Language Server Platform (GLSP) promote new opportunities such as increased modularity in architecture and deployment options, more flexibility in user interface design, web-based and cloud-friendly development possibilities, while eliminating the dependency to Java.This thesis aims to revisit and explore the topic of combining textual and graphical modeling with the next-generation frameworks Langium and GLSP. A concept for blended textual-graphical modeling based on these frameworks is developed, which utilizes a model service to jointly manage the textual and graphical editor’s underlying modification model. The concept considers that the graphical and textual editor must operate on the same model, simultaneous updates must be possible between the two editors and non-semantic information of the model must be maintained during updates of the model. The concept is realized as an artifact based on the Workflow language. An existing GLSP framework for the Workflow language providing graphical modeling is extended by a Langium language server providing textual modeling, and a model server handling model access, provision and updates between the textual and graphical editors.To evaluate the developed concepts and artifacts, the implemented solution concepts are instantiated by two UML use cases of the bigUML modeling tool: the package diagram and the class diagram. These two use cases are evaluated against the conceptualized requirements of blended textual-graphical modeling.

Keywords: Langium, GLSP, Web Modeling, Model-driven Engineering, Model Management, Metamodeling, Generator
Astract: In recent years, a shift from feature-rich Integrated Development Environments (IDE) to lightweight web clients could be observed. In order to be able to make that shift, for textual editors, the Language Server Protocol (LSP) has been created, while for graphical editors, an enhancement of the LSP has been introduced in the Graphical Language Server Platform (GLSP). However, the model management for graphical editors has still been handled by heavy-weight Java model servers. This includes both the creation of metamodels and the runtime handling of models.This thesis aims to make the next step toward web-based graphical model editors and shift the model management to a TypeScript-only technology stack. For this, the functionalities of the next-generation language framework Langium are explored and extended by a model server API. This enables model-oriented clients to access the Abstract Syntax Tree (AST), which is created by Langium and holds the current state of a model. Furthermore, a new TypeScript native grammar language is conceptualized to provide a TypeScript native solution to define metamodels.To combine the model server API with the TypeScript-based grammar language, a generator is created that sets up the entire model management component. Typically, in Java-based environments, the metamodel for the model management component is created using the EMF Ecore metamodel. Therefore, to ease the transition from Ecore to the TypeScript-based grammar language, a mechanism to create the TypeScript-based grammar definition from the Ecore metamodel is added to the implementation of the generator.The work in this thesis is evaluated in two parts: First, the TypeScript-based grammar language is evaluated by comparing it with the widely used Ecore metamodel. Second, two state-of-the-art modeling tools, which utilize GLSP, are rebuilt to evaluate the generator by creating the metamodel and model management using the generator’s capabilities.

Keywords: startup, spin-off, disruptive innovation, Austrian Tech-Ecosystem

Keywords: Business Process Management, System Dynamics, Stock-and-Flow Diagrams, simulation, model-to-model transformation, modeling tool, Simplified Modeling Platform, automatic transformation, decision-making, dynamic behaviour analysis
Astract: This thesis explores the integration of Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) and System Dynamics (SD) to enhance modeling and analysis in business process management. This research aims to develop an automated tool that translates BPMN diagrams to Stock-and-Flow Diagrams by leveraging the structural advantages of BPMN for accurate process mapping and the dynamic modelling capabilities of SD.Throughout this study we implement an experimental tool in the Simplified Modelling Platform, based on the first mapping proposed by Proper et al. (2023). Simplified modeling platform brings a low-code approach in modeling and meta-modeling, that is appropriate for business and research applications due to its adjustable notations, relatively flexible user interface, and ability to provide visualisations and transformations.The thesis asserts that although the tool effectively demonstrates the feasibility to automatically transform BPMN to SD models, a more stable development environment is required to extend the platform's functionalities. Furthermore, to optimize the automatic transformation, further improvements are required, in order to facilitate the use of more complex models. This research not only provides a practical answer on (automatically) transforming BPMN-to-SD models in the field of business process management, but also establishes a guide for future research on integrating diverse modelling approaches to gain a better understanding and optimise organisational processes.

Keywords: Computing Continuum, human-centric AI, Data Processing
Astract: The European Commission (EC) Digital Decade strategy to gain by 2030 autonomy in the digital economy requires more and more data to be processed in the Cloud-Edge-IoT computing continuum, instead of only in the central cloud. This requires advanced automation and intelligence of the continuum. At the same time, recent breakthroughs in Artificial Intelligence (AI) research have shown unprecedented results in handling creative tasks. Such human-like intelligence will eventually disrupt how people use the cloud and continuum. The European Union (EU) -funded project INTEND aims at bringing such human-like intelligence into the cognitive continuum, to achieve the novel concept of intent-based data operation. The project will deliver 11 novel software tools, which integrate into an INTEND toolbox. The outputs pave the way of migrating EU’s data industry from cloud to the continuum, and implement EC’s strategy of human-centric AI in the domain of data processing and computing continuum.